Lets take a closer look at the types of corruption that are endemic in various states/ worldwide and the nature of current reform policies that can help to explain how reforms and corruption interact.

There are three main types of corruption in the world.

The first is "petty corruption" such as that of a policeman in a country takes a bribe to forgive a
traffic offender.

The second is " massive corruption", which plagues the economies of many countries, especially in the Gulf. This type of corruption takes place during multi-million-dollar contract negotiations between state officials and business leaders to secure business deals.

The third type is "political corruption", which is difficult to pin down but plagues the economic health of many countries in Africa, in the Arab world but also worldwide.

Political corruption is the use of economic deals and benefits to reward political allies, which invariably leads to massive diversion of public resources to unproductive activities. It also leads to elite resistance to reform programs that would level the business playing field.

The causes of corruption vary across. This varies accordingly to the countries, but are often linked in one way or another to state intervention and the structure of economies and public sectors.

In the countries, much of the corruption stems from the lack of transparency of the procedures to guarantee competition in government procurement and contracts.